Wednesday, October 24, 2018

TEXTILE FIBRES CLASSIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION CHART


CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE FIBRES:

Textile fibres can be classified into the following main categories:

1-  Natural fibres

2-  Man-made fibres.

3-  Re-generated fibres.

1 - NATURAL FIBRES:

Textile fibres directly obtained from nature are called natural fibres”. These fibres can not be produced by any type of chemical process. Natural fibres further can be classified into two categories according to their source of generation.

A - Animal fibres:

The natural fibres obtained from animals or insects are known as animal fibres. The examples of animal fibres are given below:

Wool, silk, spider silk, rabbit hairs, camel hairs, goat hairs, yak hair.

B - Vegetable fibres:

The natural fibres obtained from plants and trees are called vegetable fibres. The examples of vegetable fibres are given below:

cotton, linen, jute, hemp ,banana, kapok, kenaf, ramie, raffia, sisal, coir etc.

2- MAN-MADE FIBRES OR SYNTHETIC FIBRES:

The textile fibres produced by humans through one or more types of chemical process are called man-made or synthetic fibres”.  The different types of chemicals are used to produce these synthetic fibres. These fibres are produced in laboratories and in industrial manufacturing units. These fibres are produced by the polymerization of monomers of chemical compounds. A few common examples are:

 polyester, nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, elastane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polythene, polyurethane etc.

3 - RE-GENERATED FIBRES:

These fibres can neither be directly found from nature nor can be produced by using chemicals. “these fibres are re-generated from natural material using some chemical process”. Monomers are obtained by treating natural materials with chemicals. Common examples are:

rayon, bamboo fibres, modal, lyocell ete.

   
CLASSIFICATION CHART OF TEXTILE FIBRES:




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