Friday, October 18, 2019

DRAWING - IN PROCESS, A WEAVING PROCESS

DRAWING-IN PROCESS:

The drawing-in process comes just after the preparation of the weaver’s beam. The weaver’s beam is obtained from sectional warping or sizing. The drawing-in process mainly consists of two processes. The first process is called drafting and the second process is called denting. It is mostly performed manually but in large scale textile industries, automatic drawing-in machines are used, where more productivity is required. When the drop wires with closed D are used, the ends are drawn through the D of drop wires before the heald eye. The drawing-in process is applied for the execution of a new fabric design on the loom. When the fabric design is repeated regularly, the warp tying (knotting) process is applied to change a weaver’s beam. The tying process is done manually or with the help of the knotting machine.

Drafting:  




“A process of passing the end through the eye of heald wire or harness according to the draft (sequence of drafting the ends) is called drafting”. When the drafting is performed manually, two persons do this job. The person who selects the ends and presents them for drawing is called the reacher. The person who draws the ends through the eye of heald wire with the help of a drawing hook is called a drawer.

Denting:




When the drafting of the ends is completed, these ends are passed through the dent of the reed. We can say that “denting is the process of passing the ends through the dents of reed according to the denting order of the fabric to be woven”. It can be performed by a single person or two-person. In the case of two persons, one person selects the ends and presents them to the other person who passes these ends through the dents of the reed.

Tying (knotting) or piecing:

When the fabric design is repeated on the same loom after the weaver’s beam exhaustion, there is no need to perform the drawing-in process on that loom. The tying process is used to replace the exhausted weaver’s beam with a new weaver’s beam. Tying or knotting is the process of joining the ends of an exhausted weaver’s beam with the ends of the new weaver’s beam. It is performed manually or mechanically. When it is performed manually, it is called “piecing”. When it is performed mechanically, it is called “knotting”.

METHOD OF DRAFTING:

There is two methods of drafting which are given below:

Manual drafting method

Automatic drafting method

Manual or hand drafting method:

This method is performed manually. It is a too time-consuming process in the drawing-in process. Highly skilled persons are needed to perform this task. The required number of heald shafts are prepared. The heald wires are inserted into each heald shaft according to the total number of ends present in the weaver’s beam. These heald shafts are hung on the stand. Now weaver’s beam is put just behind the stand.  Each end of the barrel of the weaver’s beam rests on the two bearings fitted on the small iron stand. These bearing stands helps to rotate the weaver’s beam in any direction. Now the warp sheet passes over the aluminium pipe fitted across the full width of the drawing stand. If the beam is prepared on the sectional warping machine, it has the ends separation lease. The reacher clears the ends with the help of a dressing brush. If sized weaver’s beam is used, there is needed to fix the ends on their place with the help of half reed of suitable count. Before hanging the warp on the aluminium pipe, one or two layers of the warp sheet are unwound. Now the ends of the warp sheet are fixed with the help of gum tape. The half-metre length of the warp sheet is unwound again and another gum tape is put. Now half reed is inserted in the warp sheet between the two gum tapes fixed earlier on the warp sheet. This half reed is tied with the drawing stand. This half reed prevents changing the position ends in the warp sheet and end crossing in the sheet. Now reacher selects the end according to lease or half reed and presents it in front of the eye of the heald wire selected by the drawer. The drawer inserts the drawing hook into the eye of the heald wire and the reacher puts the selected end in the hook. When the drawer pulls the hook, the end also comes with a drawing hook, thus the end is drawn through the eye of heald wire. This action is repeated again and again till the completion of the drafting of the full warp sheet. When the drafting is completed, the end is passed through dents of reed. When one person does this process, he first selects the end, then inserts the denting stripe into the dent, then put the selected end into the slot of denting stripe. Now he grips the stripe with the help of his left hand under the reed and pulls the stripe. Thus end is passed through the dent of reed. This action is repeated till the completion of denting of the full warp beam.

 
Please click on the below video link to watch the full article in Hindi:


                              

1 comment:

Featured Post

Simple calipers and vernier calipers, method of uses and calculations

Calipers: The calipers are very useful instruments. These instruments are used to measure the diameter of the cylinder, bore, bearing size, ...