Monday, October 7, 2019

YARN WINDING PROCESS, WARP WINDING, DRUM WINDING, PRECISION OR SPINDLE WINDING,



YARN WINDING PROCESS, WARP WINDING PROCESS:

“It is a process of enlargement of yarn package by transferring the yarn from ring bobbin onto the cone, cheese or spool etc.” Since the ring frame bobbin contains very less amount yarn length on it so that it doesn't get possible to use the ring frame in the fabric manufacturing process directly. If we use ring frame bobbins directly in different weaving processes, a lot of stoppages occur in warping there. These stoppages influence highly the quality and productivity of fabric.y The yarn produced in the ring frame has many types of yarn irregularities also, which appear as fabric defects and affect the performance of processes during weaving. All the above reasons necessitate winding the yarn from the ring bobbin to another big package.

OBJECTIVES OF WINDING:

1 - The winding process is a very important process in the preparatory section of weaving. The main objectives of yarn winding are given below:

2 - To transfer the yarn from a small package to a bigger package suitable for the next processes.

3 - To enlarge the yarn package.

4 - To make yarn smooth by applying wax on the yarn surface.

5 - To remove objectionable yarn faults up to optimum level.

6 - To remove dirt and dust from the yarn up to some extent.

7 - To eliminate yarn knots and bad piecing by using auto splicing in the winding process.

8 - To increase the efficiency of warping and weaving by the bigger size of a package of yarn.

9 - To make the handling of yarn easy, smooth and safe.

REQUIREMENTS OF WINDING PACKAGE:

A good winding package should meet the following quality requirements:

1 - The objectionable yarn faults should be eliminated up to the optimum level.

2 - The yarn should not be damaged during the winding process.

3 - Easy unwinding should be ensured in the winding package.

4 - The shape and size of the package should be proper and suitable for the next processes.

5 - The package winding density should be correct.

6 - The winding of the package should be cost-effective.

TYPE OF YARN WINDING

The types of yarn winding process are given below:
Warp winding

Weft winding

WARP WINDING PROCESS:

Warp winding may be classified into the following categories:
Drum winding

Precision or spindle winding

DRUM WINDING:

In the drum winding process, the package gets driven negatively. The package is mounted on the spindle which is able to rotate freely. When the surface of the package touches the rotating traverse drum having helical grooves in it, the package starts to rotate due to the surface contact of the drum. In drum winding, the package is formed by a single thread which is laid on the package at an appreciable helix angle so that the layers cross one another and give stability to the package. Since the package is driven through surface contact so that less elongation in the yarn occurs. Due to surface contact, there are chances of yarn rupture and hairiness in this process. The drum winding is suitable for spun yarn mainly. The packages formed by this type of winding has low winding density but have more stability. The yarn does not get slipped normally in this winding package during unwinding and handling. Only one coil is used to make these packages. The cross winding method is used in the drum winding process. The package formed by this method has a lower winding density. A minimum amount of the yarn is wound.  The efficient and uninterrupted unwinding of yarn results in the package. The winding process is so simple and easy to handle. The rate of unwinding is high. The cone, cheese and big spool can be formed by this winding process.

ADVANTAGES OF DRUM WINDING:

The advantages of the drum winding process are given below:
No need for flanges in the packages.
Efficient yarn unwinding during the various weaving processes.
Stability of package is high.
fewer chances of yarn elongation.

DISADVANTAGES OF DRUM WINDING:

The main disadvantages of drum winding are as follows:
a number of turns per inch (degree of twist) in the yarn gets affected in the drum winding process.
Small package size results.
Low winding density of yarn package.
Chances of yarn rupture are possible.

PRECISION WINDING OR SPINDLE WINDING:

In precision or spindle winding, the package is driven positively. The package is mounted on the spindle having a positive drive. When the spindle rotates, it pulls the yarn and winds it on the package. The coils of yarn form with the help of a yarn traverse guide which helps to move the yarn from one end to another end of the package thus coil formation takes place. Traverse guide makes to and fro motion with the help of a cam. In precision winding, successive coils of yarn are laid close together in a parallel or near parallel manner. It is used primarily for filament yarn. There is no chance of yarn rupture in this process but more yarn elongation occurs in this process. The package that resulted in this process has a higher winding density. Due to higher winding density, the package contains a higher amount of yarn on it. Packages are wound with a reciprocating traverse. Patterning and rubbing cause damage to packages. The precision winding package shows poor stability during unwinding and handling. Due to unstable package character, the rate of unwinding is lower.


ADVANTAGES OF PRECISION OR SPINDLE WINDING PROCESS:

The main advantages of precision winding are given
There is no chance of yarn rupture.

Flanges on the packages are not required.

Larger package sizes can be produced.

Side unwinding is possible. 

The turns per inch (degree of yarn twist) remains unchanged.

More compact package results in the precision winding.

It is mostly useful in the winding filament yarn.

DISADVANTAGES OF PRECISION OR SPINDLE  WINDING PROCESS:

The disadvantages of the precision winding machine are as follows:

The speed of the winding machine is limited because of the limited speed of the yarn traverse guide.

Chances of yarn elongation are possible.

The package resulted in the spindle winding process having low stability. 

The unwinding of the package of the spindle winding process is a little difficult. 

Please click on the below video link to watch the full article in Hindi:


                                   

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