Tuesday, October 30, 2018

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF TEXTILE FIBRES

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF        TEXTILE FIBRES

TEXTILE FIBRE:  DEFINITION:
A fibre having the length to diameter ratio more than 100 and some basic characteristics is called textile fibre”. These basic characteristics of a textile fibre are given below:
·       Evenness.
·       Required strength.
·       Elongation and elasticity
·       Cohesive force to bind the fibres to each other.
·       Durability.
·       Flexibility.
·       Strength.
·       Fineness.
·       Extensibility.
·       Softness.

PROPERTIES OF TEXTILE FIBRES:
End use of a textile fibre is decided by taking into consideration its properties.  There are some characteristics which are essential and most important for any textile fibre. “The essential properties of a fibre to make it textile fibre are known as primary properties.
Those properties which may increase its utility, desirability, and value are called the secondary properties of a textile fibre

PRIMARY PROPERTIES OF A TEXTILE FIBRES:
Some primary properties of a textile fibre are being given below:
·       Evenness of a fibre
·       Fibre strength
·       Fineness of a fibre or micronaire value                          
·       Specific gravity or density
·       Tenacity of a fibre
·       Elongation or elasticity
·       Cohesiveness

CLASSIFICATION OF PROPERTIES OF TEXTILE FIBRES:

Properties of a textile fibre can be divided into three main groups ie.
·       Physical properties
·       Mechanical properties
·       Chemical properties
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A TEXTILE FIBRES:
The physical properties of a textile fibre are:
·       Micronaire value or diameter of a fibre or fineness
·       Elasticity
·       Specific gravity
·       Visual appearance
·       Moisture absorbency.
·       Maturity ratio
·       Softness of a fibre
·       Rupture
·       Moisture regain
·       Moisture content
·       Flammability

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A TEXTILE FIBRES:
The mechanical properties of a textile fibre are:
·       The tensile strength of a fibre
·       Elongation
·       Tenacity
·       Rigidity

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A TEXTILE FIBRES:

The chemical properties of textile fibre are:
·       Solubility in aqueous salt
·       Solubility in an organic solvent

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