CLASSIFICATION
OF TEXTILE FIBRES:
Textile
fibres can be classified into the following main categories:
1- Natural
fibres
2- Man-made
fibres.
3- Re-generated
fibres.
1 - NATURAL FIBRES:
“Textile
fibres directly obtained from nature are
called natural fibres”. These fibres can not be produced by any type of
chemical process. Natural fibres further can be classified into two categories
according to their source of generation.
A - Animal fibres:
The natural fibres obtained from animals or insects are known as animal fibres. The examples of animal fibres are given below:
The natural fibres obtained from animals or insects are known as animal fibres. The examples of animal fibres are given below:
Wool, silk,
spider silk, rabbit hairs, camel hairs, goat hairs, yak hair.
B - Vegetable fibres:
The natural
fibres obtained from plants and trees are called vegetable fibres. The examples
of vegetable fibres are given below:
cotton, linen, jute, hemp ,banana, kapok, kenaf, ramie, raffia,
sisal, coir etc.
2- MAN-MADE FIBRES OR SYNTHETIC FIBRES:
“The textile
fibres produced by humans through one or more types of chemical process are
called man-made or synthetic fibres”. The different types of chemicals are used to
produce these synthetic fibres. These fibres are produced in laboratories and in
industrial manufacturing units. These fibres are produced by the polymerization
of monomers of chemical compounds. A few common examples are:
polyester, nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, elastane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polythene, polyurethane etc.
polyester, nylon, acrylic, polypropylene, elastane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polythene, polyurethane etc.
3 - RE-GENERATED FIBRES:
These fibres
can neither be directly found from nature nor can be produced by using chemicals. “these
fibres are re-generated from natural material using some chemical process”.
Monomers are obtained by treating natural materials with chemicals. Common
examples are:
rayon, bamboo
fibres, modal, lyocell ete.
CLASSIFICATION CHART OF TEXTILE FIBRES:
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